The Stomachion puzzle, attributed to the Ancient Greek scholar Archimedes and preserved within the Archimedes Palimpsest, is considered to be the oldest known mathematical puzzle. The puzzle contains 14 pieces in 12 distinct shapes that fit perfectly into a square. Since its discovery, the underlying structure of the puzzle has captivated mathematicians and has provided important insights into Archimedes’ interests and ways of thinking. This MTC activity inspires a range of mathematical questions related to geometry, spatial awareness, counting, symmetry, isomorphisms, and pattern recognition.