roles) || in_array('administrator', $user->roles) || in_array('admin',$user->roles ) ) { ?>
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Supplies: nid, "Supplies"); ?> Pedagogy: nid, "Pedagogy"); ?>

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Problem

The code we'll describe in this exercise is due to Diffie and Hellman. It is a \emph{public-key code} because part of the code is known to everyone. Here's how it works: you and your friend choose a prime number $p$ and an integer $g$ between 2 and $p-1$. Both of these numbers are public (so, e.g., you two can safely discuss these numbers on the phone or over email---if someone wiretaps you, no problem).
Now you \emph{secretely} choose an integer $m$, and your friend \emph{secretely} chooses an integer $n$. You compute $g^m \bmod p$ and tell your friend the result. Your friend computs $g^n \bmod p$ and tells you the result. The secret key that you both can use is
$s \equiv g^{ mn } \equiv \left( g^m \right)^n \equiv \left( g^n \right)^m \bmod p \, .$
The last two equalities explain why both you and your friend can easily compute $s$.
You can now use $s$ to encode messages, e.g., using multiplication mod $p$, and $s^{ -1 }$ to decode.
Can you see why it's hard to compute $s$ if you know $p$, $g$, $g^m$, and $g^n$? How could you make this cryptosystem safer? Do you see a way to break" it?

Details
Contributer: Matt
Authors
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References
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Problem Sets This Problem Belongs to:
parent_nid; ?> Set:
VARIABLES
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DEFINITIONS
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